Publications

Journal Articles

In press

41. MacCallum, S. N. and C. J. Merchant (accepted 2011), Surface Water Temperature Observations of Large Lakes by Optimal Estimation, Can J Remote Sensing.


2012

40. Embury, O., C. J. Merchant and G. K. Corlett (2012), A Reprocessing for Climate of Sea Surface Temperature from the Along-Track Scanning Radiometers: Initial validation, accounting for skin and diurnal variability, Rem. Sens. Env., pp62 - 78. DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2011.02.028
Pre-print
Online

39. Embury, O. and C. J. Merchant (2012), A Reprocessing for Climate of Sea Surface Temperature from the Along-Track Scanning Radiometers: A New Retrieval Scheme, Rem. Sens. Env., pp 47 - 61, DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.11.020
Pre-print
Online

38. Embury, O., C. J. Merchant and M. J. Filipiak (2012), A Reprocessing for Climate of Sea Surface Temperature from the Along-Track Scanning Radiometers: Basis in Radiative Transfer, Rem. Sens. Env., pp32 - 46, DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.10.016
Pre-print
Online

37. Good, E. J., X. Kong, O. Embury and C.J. Merchant (2012), An Infrared Desert Dust Index for the Along-Track Scanning Radiometers, Rem. Sens. Env., pp 159 - 176. DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.06.016.
Online

2011

36. Scott V., H Kettle and C. J. Merchant (2011), Sensitivity Analysis of an Ocean Carbon Cycle Model in the North Atlantic: an investigation of parameters affecting the air-sea CO2 flux, primary production and export of detritus, Ocean Science, 7, 405-419, doi:10.5194/0s-7-405-2011.
Online

35. Bulgin, C. E., P. I. Palmer, C. J. Merchant, R. Siddans, S. Gonzi1, C. A. Poulsen, G. E. Thomas, A. M. Sayer, E. Carboni, R. G. Grainger, E. J. Highwood, C. L. Ryder (2011), Quantifying the Response of the ORAC Aerosol Optical Depth Retrieval from MSG SEVIRI to Aerosol Model Assumptions, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D05208, doi:10.1029/2010JD014483.

34. Le Borgne, P., H. Roquet and C. J. Merchant (2011), Estimation of sea surface temperature from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infra Red Imager, improved using numerical weather prediction, Rem. Sens. Env., 115, 55-66, DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2010.08.004
Online

2010

33. Filipiak, M. J., C. J. Merchant, H. Kettle and P. Le Borgne (2010), A statistical model for sea surface diurnal warming driven by numercial weather predictions fluxes and winds, Ocean Science Discussions, 7, 1497-1532.

32. Mackie, S., C. J. Merchant, C. Old, O. Embury and P. Francis (2010), Generalised Bayesian cloud detection for satellite imagery. Part 1: Technique and validation for night-time imagery over land and sea, Int. J. Rem. Sens., 31 (10), 2573-2594. DOI:10.1080/01431160903051703
Online

31. Mackie, S., C. J. Merchant, O. Embury and P. Francis (2010), Generalised Bayesian cloud detection for satellite imagery. Part 2: Technique and validation for day-time imagery, Int. J. Rem. Sens., 31 (10), 2595-2621. DOI: 10.1080/01431160903051711
Online

2009

30. Merchant, C. J., A. R. Harris, H. Roquet, and P. Le Borgne (2009), Retrieval characteristics of non-linear sea surface temperature from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L17604, doi:10.1029/2009GL039843.
PDF at AGU

29. Donlon C. J., K. S. Casey, I. S. Robinson, C. L. Gentemann, R. W. Reynolds, I. Barton, O. Arino, J. Stark, N. Rayner, P. Le Borgne, D. Poulter, J. Vazquez-Cuervo, E. Armstrong, H. Beggs, D. Llewelly-Jones, P. J. Minnett, C. J. Merchant and R. Evans (2009), The GODAE High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Pilot Project, Oceanography, 22 (3), 34-45.

28. Merchant, C. J., A. R. Harris, E. Maturi, O. Embury, S. N. MacCallum, J. Mittaz and C. P. Old (2009), Sea Surface Temperature Estimation from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 12 (GOES-12), J. Atmosph. Oceanic Technol., 26 (3), 570-581.
Pre-print (accepted manuscript)

27. Kettle, H., C. J. Merchant, C. D. Jeffrey, M. J. Filipiak, and C. L. Gentemann (2009), The impact of diurnal variability in sea surface temperature on the atlantic air-sea CO2 flux, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 529-541.
Online

26. Merchant C. J., P. Le Borgne, H. Roquet and A. Marsouin (2009), Sea surface temperature from a geostationary satellite by optimal estimation, Rem. Sens. Env., 113 (2), 445-457. DOI:10.1016/j.rse.2008.10.012.
Preprint
and PDF online

2008

25. E. Maturi, A. Harris, C. Merchant, J. Mittaz, B. Potash, W. Meng, and J. Sapper (2008), NOAA's Sea Surface Temperature Products From Operational Geostationary Satellites, Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 89 (12), 1877-1888. DOI:10.1175/2008BAMS2528.1.
PDF online

24. Gentemann C. L., P. J. Minnett, P. Le Borgne and C. J. Merchant (2008), Multi-satellite measurements of large diurnal warming events, Geophys. Res. Lett, 35, L22602, doi:10.1029/2008GL035730.
PDF online

23. Kettle H. and C. J. Merchant (2008), Modeling ocean primary production: sensitivity to spectral resolution of attenuation and absorption of light, Progress in Oceanography, 78, pp. 135-146. DOI 10.1016/j.pocean.2008.04.002
PDF online

22. Merchant, C. J., M. J. Filipiak, P. Le Borgne, H. Roquet, E. Autret, J.-F. Piolle, and S. Lavender (2008), Diurnal warm-layer events in the western Mediterranean and European shelf seas, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L04601, doi:10.1029/2007GL033071.
PDF online at AGU
PDF Open Access via Ifremer

21. Merchant C J, P Le Borgne, A Marsouin and H Roquet (2008), Optimal estimation of sea surface temperature from split-window observations, Rem. Sens. Env., 112 (5), 2469-2484. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2007.11.011
PDF
(Elsevier)

20. Merchant C J, D Llewellyn-Jones, R W Saunders, N A Rayner, E C Kent, C P Old, D Berry, A R Birks, T Blackmore, G K Corlett, O Embury, V L Jay, J Kennedy, C T Mutlow, T J Nightingale, A G OCarroll, M J Pritchard, J J Remedios and S Tett (2008), Deriving a sea surface temperature record suitable for climate change research from the along-track scanning radiometers, Adv. Sp. Res, 41 (1), 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2007.07.041
PDF
(c) Elsevier

2007

19. Donlon C, I Robinson, K Casey, J Vasquez, E Armstrong, C Gentemann, D May, P LeBorgne, J Piolle, I Barton, H Beggs, D J S Poulter, C J Merchant, A Bingham, S Heinz, A Harris, G. Wick, B. Emery, A Stuart-Menteth, P. Minnett, B Evans, D Llewellyn-Jones, C Mutlow, R Reynolds, H Kawamura and N Rayner (2007), The Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE) High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Pilot Project (GHRSST-PP), Bull. Am. Met. Soc, 88 (8), 1197-1213.
PDF
(c) American Meteorological Society online DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-88-8-1197

2006

18. Merchant C J, Embury O, Le Borgne P and Bellec B (2006), Saharan dust in night-time thermal imagery: detection and reduction of related biases in retrieved sea surface temperature, Rem. Sens. Env., 104, 15-30.
PDF
(c) Elsevier on-line

17. G.K. Corlett, I.J. Barton, C.J. Donlon, M.C. Edwards, S.A. Good, L.A. Horrocks, D.T. Llewellyn-Jones, C.J. Merchant, P.J. Minnett, T.J. Nightingale, E.J. Noyes, A.G. O'Carroll, J.J. Remedios, I.S. Robinson, R.W. Saunders and J.G. Watts (2006), The accuracy of SST retrievals from AATSR: An initial assessment through geophysical validation against in situ radiometers, buoys and other SST data sets, Adv. Space Res., Volume 37, Issue 4, 764-769.
HTML (Elsevier)

16. Merchant C J, Horrocks L A, Eyre J and O'Carroll A G (2006), Retrievals of sea surface temperature from infra-red imagery: origin and form of systematic errors, Quart. J. Royal Met. Soc., 132, 1205-1223.
PDF
(c) Royal Meteorological Society

2005 and earlier

15. Merchant C J, Harris A R, Maturi E and MacCallum S (2005), Probabilistic physically-based cloud screening of satellite infra-red imagery for operational sea surface temperature retrieval, Quart. J. Royal Met. Soc., 131, 2735-2755.
PDF
(c) Royal Meteorological Society

14. Kettle H and Merchant C J (2005), Systematic errors in global air-sea CO2 flux caused by temporal averaging of sea-level pressure, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1459-1466.
PDF

13. Merchant C J and Le Borgne P (2004), Retrieval of sea surface temperature from space based on modeling of infrared radiative transfer: Capabilities and limitations, J Atmos Oceanic Technology, 22 (11) 1734-1746. doi:10.1175/JTECH1667.1
Abstract

12. Nowicki S M J & Merchant C J (2004), Observations of diurnal and spatial variability of radiative forcing by equatorial deep convective clouds, J Geophys Res - Atmos, 109 (D11), art. no. D11202, Jun 9 2004.
PDF (AGU site)

11. Merchant C J, Simpson J J and Harris A R (2003), A Cross-Calibration of GMS-5 Thermal Channels Against ATSR-2, Rem Sens Environ 84, 268-282.
Abstract
PDF

10. Murray M J, Allen M R, Merchant C J, Harris A R and Donlon C J (2000), Skin effect variability in the tropical Pacific, Geophys Res Lett, 27, 1171-1174.
Full text (html)
  Full text (pdf)

9. Saunders M A, Chandler R E, Merchant C J and Roberts F P (2000), Atlantic hurricanes and NW Pacific typhoons: ENSO spatial impacts on occurrence and landfall, Geophys Res Lett, 27, 1147-1150.
Full text (pdf, AGU sub required)

8. Merchant C J, Harris A R, Murray M J and Zavody A M (1999), Toward the elimination of bias in satellite retrievals of skin sea surface temperature 1. Theory, modeling and inter-algorithm comparison, J Geophys Res, 104, C10, 23565-23578.
Abstract
PDF (at AGU)

7. Merchant C J and Harris A R (1999), Toward the elimination of bias in satellite retrievals of skin sea surface temperature. 2: Comparison with in situ measurements, J Geophys Res, 104, C10, 23579-23590.
Abstract
PDF (at AGU)

6. Merchant C J and Saunders M A (1998), Infrared satellite retrievals in the presence of stratospheric aerosol, J Atmos Oceanic Technol, 15, 834-839, 1998.

5. Murray M J, Allen M R, Merchant C J and Harris A R (1998), Potential for improved dual-view SST retrievals from ATSR, Geophys Res Lett, 25, 3363-3366.

4. Merchant C J (1995), Correlation of residential magnetic fields, road type and  traffic in the UK, J Radiol Prot, 15, 253-258.

3. Merchant C J (1995), Allocating extremely-low frequency magnetic-field exposure  between sources, J Radiol Prot, 15, 259-260.

2. Merchant C J, Renew D C and Swanson J (1994), Occupational exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the electricity supply industry, J Radiol Prot, 14, 155-164.

1. Merchant C J, Renew D C and J Swanson (1994), Exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the home, J Radiol Prot, 14, 77-87.
 

Selected conference proceedings

Merchant C J, Llewellyn-Jones D, Saunders R W, Rayner N A and Kent E C, Sea surface temperature for climate from the ATSRs, Proc. MERIS-AATSR Workshop, Frascati, Italy, September 2005.
PDF

Merchant C J, Bias and cloud screening issues in infrared sea surface temperature, Proc. Fifth GODAE High Res. SST Pilot Project Workshop, Townsville, Australia, July 2004.
PDF

Merchant C J, Sea surface temperature -- a dynamic field: Developments in research and operations, Proceedings of the 2003 Meteorological Satellite Data User's Conference, Weimar, Germany, September / October 2003.
PDF

Merchant C J and Le Borgne P, Designing OSI-SAF sea surface temperature retrievals to be robust to stratospheric aerosol, Proceedings of the 2001 Meteorological Satellite Data User's Conference, Antalya, Turkey, October 2001.
PDF

Merchant C J, Highly accurate retrieval of skin sea surface temperature,  Proc. Ninth Conf. Satellite Meteor. and Oceanogr., Paris, France, 254-255, May 1998. ("Best student paper".)

Merchant C J, Sea-surface temperature and near-surface humidity from 3.7, 11 and 12 um brightness temperatures, Proc Ninth Int TOVS Study Conf, pp 351-361, Igls, Austria, February 1997.

Merchant C J, Renew D C and J Swanson, Origins and magnitudes of exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields in the UK, in Proc CIGRE, Paris, August 1994.

Theses

Merchant C J, Eliminating bias in satellite retrievals of sea surface temperature, PhD Thesis, University College London, 1999.
Extracts

Merchant C J, Toxic metal contamination from a steelworks near Krakow, Poland, M Sc Thesis, Imperial College, 1994.